Sunday, 28 July 2013

SOCH.... E-Magazine By Ample Foundation

Great opportunity for those interested in creative writing and journalism :

Ample Foundation is starting a magazine(Bi-Monthly) in which we will be printing the best articles on various social issues in India. For which we require Editor, content writers and proof readers (Only For Students of LPU). Students now can mail us their article, Photographs, Sketches and cartoons which will portray the agony of a women in today's world. The best 3 articles in each category will be awarded with gift items and a certificate of recognition.


First issue will be launched on 1st September 2013, TITLE: SOCH, which will be focusing on Women Empowerment.A magazine which will have the power to change the mindset of men towards women. A magazine so powerful that it will encourage each men to become a feminism activist.

Need::Everyday, we see numerous confessions and statuses by women and college students regarding their frustrations on the way men treat them, regarding mentality of men in this world. We don't have to increase a girls skirt length or increase area covered under a top to decrease rapes in our country, We have to improve "SOCH " of today's youth. We will be printing the best articles by women and men.


For Details Contact

E-mail: ample.lpu@gmail.com
Naveen Pandey +91-9915519741
 Dev Aggarwal +91-8288881782

Saturday, 27 July 2013

INDIA's FORGOTTEN POPULATION








India, when you hear this name you picture an land of 1.2billions, mostly poor and also those who contribute significantly to the global list of multi billionaires- a land of tradition and sprituality and also at the very same time a largest democracy and one of the fasted growing economy in the wworld. You will think about the magesting Ganga, The Great Himalayas, The ghats of Banaras and beaches of Goa. You think of a lake of IT professionals, of the American anxiety of being 'Bangalored', of the emerging superpower on the table of G-20. You believe this narrative persistently sold to us all for the last two decdes- The idea of India Shining.


The above narrative, although true but is one sided. It flushes out the poor, the marginalised and displaced of our minds -The people for whome the euphoria around India Shining has now turned into India's forgotten voters.These are helpless people who make up the sprawling and appaling slum habitat of Indian cities. When heads are counted, they number no less than population of countries like Brazil or Pakistan. They live a wretched life, work in informal sectors, many times are migrants, and often do not exist in any of official records. They are the millions of invisible Indians who are slogging away everyday keeping the cities clean and building infrastructures while living the life of pariahs.

Our country India is replete with paradoxes. Despite its phenomenal economic growth over the last two or three decades, India still remains a land of widespread poverty, illiteracy and ill-health. One ought not to miss the parallel narrative of India as home to world’s largest number of poor, disadvantaged and marginalized people. A staggering around 500 million still defecate in the open. 68.7% of Indians live on less than $2 a day, and 32.7% are below the absolute poverty line of less than $1.25 a day. Currently almost 30% of Indians live in urban areas, a figure that is likely to go up to 40% in next two decades. 160 million Indians live in urban slums, which is 55% of the total urban population of India.

The living conditions in these slums are extremely difficult, to say the least. Vast majority of the slum population do not have access to adequate and fresh water, sanitation and other basic necesseties. There are two kinds of slums, legal and illegal, legality being defined on the basis of having or not having titles to the land on which they exist. Life is hard enough in the legal slums; it is even tougher in the illegal ones. A typical illegal slum looks like a maze of small temporary huts mostly located along the river, along the sewage canals or on abandoned industrial or government land. There is mud, slush and stagnant water all around, some times near the water source, or next to homes. Mosquitoes and flies are everywhere, causing diseases which break the backs of the already indebted slum dwellers. The famous Indian monsoons are extremely hard with not a dry patch in sight, with water entering homes and children wading through the filth and scum.

There are problems galore and there are no simple solutions. One is not here to spring a miracle. One is here to learn from the people who would not survive without the resilience and creativity they possess. And one is here to, hopefully, contribute a little, help a little.

I started playing my part in starting the construction although in little pieces, the parallel narrative of India. As the photographs above testifies, it is not going to be a pretty story. But, I guess, it is going to be a story of the never-say-die spirit of Indian slum dwellers . It is a story that needs to be told by bigger voices than mine, so that these forgotten people do not remain forgotten.


 By: Sunil Bishnoi
      

Friday, 26 July 2013

How much is too much?

Recent events have brought back into focus the objectification of woman in our films.


On my way back home one day, I took an auto rickshaw that had Punjabi songs blaring. Curious, I asked who the singer was. “Honey Singh,” he said, his head swinging to the
beats. Considering we were in Ghaziabad and the driver sounded like an inhabitant of Eastern Uttar Pradesh, I asked if he understood Punjabi. He said only a bit but the songs give him a kick because they have words that describe female anatomy in great detail and some of them extol rape. Surprised, I asked him how he got them and how he played them when female passengers were in the auto. “I play them at night when they have no other option but to behave as if they are either not listening or can’t understand. The CDs are available on footpaths in MP3 (format). You just have to ask, ‘Honey Singh ka gande (dirty) song wala CD de do.’”
He is referring to the same Yo Yo Honey Singh who is being eulogised as the next big thing in Bollywood music.. His numbers were on YouTube’s top 10 list last year, and Anurag Kashyap has said he wants to make a biopic on him. Though Honey Singh has denied singing such offensive songs, the impression on the ground tells a different story.
In the aftermath of the Delhi gang rape case, the role of mass media in manufacturing perceptions about women is once again being questioned. While there is no scholarly study to prove a direct link between cinema and insensitive male behaviour towards women, long-term exposure to regressive images and stereotypes does play a crucial role in a country where a large number of people still don’t know how to consume the images generated by the media. Cinema is already a pre-censored medium and freedom of speech is sacrosanct, but there is a greater need to look within and self-regulate.
There is a school of thought that believes that cinema is a reflection of society and draws selectively from mythology. So Duryodhan’s action of disrobing Draupadi — fuelled by Draupadi’s taunt linking his slipping into a water pond in the palace with the blindness of his father — finds a reflection in our filmy characterisations time and again. Some are layered, others lewd. And the ‘realistic’ approach could also get numbers because somebody somewhere is watching it for the ‘scene’ and not the bigger picture. We have seen it happening with “Bandit Queen” and “Fire”. Our films have definitely evolved, and a scene that has gone out of the narrative structure is the rape episode. There was a time in the 1970s and ’80s where certain female characters could be picked out from a distance as the ones to be assaulted at some point in the movie, to give our young man a chance to get angry. Some villains were anointed as rape experts. And when a heroine-oriented film was attempted, rape became an obstacle the character should cross to become a champion. Remember “Zakhmi Aurat”? The phool had to be masticated by a man to become an angaara. Thank god we have moved on from those sadistic portrayals. Or have we? Haven’t rape experts been replaced by serial kissers and shirtless wonders? Mind you, they are not placed as the villain of the piece.
Till a few years ago, many male journalists who covered the film beat had a staple question for female actors. How much will you expose? The heroine used to have a staple answer: “According to the demands of the script.” Still, some scribes apparently got a perverse pleasure out of this question. But when the portrayal of the Hindi film heroine changed, skin exposure no longer remained limited to one scene or song and explicit expression of sexual desire became a metaphor for female liberation rather than vampish behaviour, the question became ‘out-of-syllabus’. Top heroines of the industry acquiesced to this change. There is nothing wrong with finding a middle ground for the heroine between the goddess and whore extremes that existed for years, but there is a very thin line between celebration of sensuality and commoditisation of woman.
There is a difference between being a centre of desire and a means of titillation. And this line is frequently being crossed, particularly in item songs where through lyrics and dance movements the girl almost beseeches to be pounced upon — and since the song has no connection with the story, the director has no compulsion to justify its presence. The fact that celebrated faces of the film industry are gyrating to these racy tunes gives them a sort of legitimacy in the minds of an impressionable audience. The independence of woman is being seen largely in sexual terms. After years, Deepa Sahi is still looking for a producer to fund a biopic on Rani Laxmibai but the biopic of Silk Smitha got made in a jiffy. (see box) Rani Mukerji is struggling to find good scripts, but ‘adult’ film star Sunny Leone, who self admittedly can’t act or dance, has four films in her kitty and performed on New Year’s Eve at a Central Delhi hotel. But can we question her when we are allowing Katrina Kaif to learn on the job for a decade? Also, it seems those who protested against Honey Singh’s performance in a Gurgaon hotel missed Sunny’s jig.
One of the faces of the new female protagonist is of someone who enjoys her drink, scoffs at the institution of marriage and shows an inclination towards the physical side of love. At least till the intermission. Recently, we saw it in “Cocktail”. Strangely, after the intermission, Veronica tries to conform to traditional mores but still doesn’t get the guy, who is equally ‘liberal’ but ultimately marries a prototype of the Sati Savitri. It gives an impression that so-called outgoing girls are meant to be used and the ultimate aim of every girl is marriage. Somehow our films generated the notion that in a woman’s refusal of a man’s advances there is an implicit ‘yes’ hiding somewhere. This led to the birth of the stalking hero. The recent example was the monstrous hit “Rowdy Rathore” (granted a U/A certificate, it was the second highest grosser of 2012) where the hero describes his girl as maal and turns her ‘no’ into ‘yes’ within minutes. Impressionable minds might like to copy his style if they are so predisposed.
If Akshay Kumar were to take a stand that he won’t play a stalking hero, “rowdies” would not be able see the light of day because our mainstream cinema is still star-driven.
Herein comes the question of tyranny of taste. Mahesh Bhatt says the keys of the treasure of creativity should not be in the hands of the intellectual elite. But creativity should not be allowed to propagate depravity either.
Then again, why don’t we respect the ‘A’ certificate? One has seen families going to watch films like “Murder 2” where a psychopath stalks women and then cuts them into pieces. Groups espousing women’s rights say that assault on women in real life has nothing to do with what they wear, but on the other hand they criticise filmmakers for objectifying women. Isn’t there a link between the two? Why is it that young mothers take their three-year-olds to learn to dance to a “Chikni Chameli” and why does a “Fevicol” play at family functions? Isn’t there a complicit consent? The questions are many and the answers are not easy but a little introspection holds the key…
What's entertainment
That an actress of the calibre of Vidya Balan played the lead in “The Dirty Picture” turned it from a B-grade affair to A-class.
In fact, producer Ekta Kapoor said the title and subject gave an impression that somebody like Bipasha Basu would be cast but that would have limited the appeal of the film. One is not running down Ekta or Vidya, one is talking about the choices producers, performers and the public are making.
...If “Cocktail” was set in London, “Ishaqzaade” unfolded near Lucknow. Here we had a girl who prefers guns over jewellery and wants to become a politician but ends up falling in love with a naughty guy who lures her into a physical relationship for political gain. We were expected to support the girl’s choice because the guy was really sorry.
Director Habib Faisal said he didn’t set out to make a feminist film and both his characters had strengths and flaws. Are our audiences mature enough to understand this nuance which many film critics missed?
...In “Kismat Love Paisa Dilli”, where a group of goons kidnap a girl from the road to celebrate their gang leader’s birthday in a moving van. Isn’t the plot similar to what happened with the victim of the gang rape?
The film failed in the metros and we heaved a sigh of relief that the crass was cut short. But what if the film is still playing in Dadri or Sikanderabad, towns within a few kilometres from the Capital? The film starred Vivek Oberoi, considered an actor conscious of his duties towards society.

Thursday, 25 July 2013

TEACH FOR INDIA FELLOWSHIP


The Teach For India Fellowship program is a 2 year full-time paid commitment in which we place the most promising graduates and professionals as full time teachers in under resourced and low income schools.
The Fellowship program is rigorous, challenging and provides Fellows an opportunity to develop themselves as leaders and simultaneously transform the lives of the children under their care. Prior to and during the two-year Fellowship, Teach For India provides Fellows with the technical skills and leadership training required to achieve the goals they have set for themselves and their students.
This training includes a 5 week, residential training Institute before they start teaching followed by on-going training and support throughout the two years delivered through conferences, training sessions, leadership forums, online resources and on the ground mentoring by a Program Manager. In the 2nd year of the program, each Fellow undertakes an assignment called the 'Be The Change' project wherein they ideate, plan and execute a project that benefits their classroom, the school or the society as a whole.
HOW TO APPLY
Teach for India will not accept hard-copy applications. Please do not print and mail hard-copy applications to Teach For India.
Please note that you are not asked to submit a CV/Resume or Cover Letter/ Personal Statement as part of the application.
Each applicant will be allowed ONLY ONE application for the Fellowship.
There will be no fees charged for filling and submitting the online application form.
Applications are non-binding.
You can apply on the link
For more information visit 

Child Labour in India

Now is the time to act-for future of our generation. The question of child abuse is crucial, we call on the general public to join hands with us.”-Boonthan Verawongse, South Asia Coordinator for the Global March, Malaysia.



I. What is Child Labour?


A child is considered to be involved in Child Labor activities under the below classification given by the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF):
• Children 5 to 11 years of age, those who did at least one hour of economic activity or at least 28 hours of domestic work during the week preceding the survey did and
• Children 12 to 14 years of age those who did at least 14 hours of economic activity or at least 42 hours of economic activity and domestic work combined during the week preceding the survey.
Child labor is a complicated and ongoing issue in the present world. According to the statistics given by International Labour Organization (ILO) and other government agencies, more than 73 million children between 10 to 14 years of age are considered as child labour. Asian countries occupies distinctive place with 44.6 million child labour followed by Africa with 23.6 million and Latin America with 5.1 million. Child labour is wide spread in rich and industrialized economies than in poor countries. It is also estimated that there are 60 to 115 million working children in India- which was the highest in 1996 according to human rights watch. As per the statistics, child labor appears to be more in villages than in urban areas. Nine out of ten village children are employed in agriculture or household industries and craftwork. Due to urbanization, more children are getting in to the service and trading sectors rather than marketing. To differentiate on the basis of gender, it is considered that more boys are employed in laborious activities than girls. This consideration is made based on the fact that it is difficult to take a count of girls working in households.
Child labour can be found majorly in below sectors in India:

1. Bonded Child Labour
2. Child Labour Agriculture sector
3. Street Children
4. Children at glass factories
5. Child labour in match box factories
6. Child labour in carpet industry
7. Child labour in Brass and Lock industries
Laws related to child labour:
• Children [Pledging of Labour] Act (1933)
• Employment of Children Act (1938)
• The Bombay Shop and Establishments Act (1948)
• Child Labour -Prohibition and Regulation Act
• The Indian Factories Act (1948)
• Plantations Labour Act (1951)
• The Mines Act (1952)
• Merchant Shipping Act (1958)
• The Apprentice Act (1961)
• The Motor Transport Workers Act (1961)
• The Atomic Energy Act (1962)
• Bidi and Cigar Workers (Condition of Employment) Act (1966)
• State Shops and Establishments Act

II. What are the Statistics of Child Labour in India?
Statistics of child labour in India:
A survey conducted by 7th All India Education Survey reveals below facts on Child Labor:
• At present there are 17 million children labour in India.
• A study found that children were sent to work by compulsion and not by choice, mostly by parents, but with recruiter playing a crucial role in influencing decision.
• When working outside the family, children put in an average of 21 hours of labour per week.
• 19% of children employed work as domestic help.
• 90% working children are in rural India.
• 85% of working children are in the unorganized sectors.
• About 80% of child labour is engaged in agricultural work.
• Millions of children work to help their families because the adults do not have appropriate employment and income thus forfeiting schooling and opportunities to play and rest.
• Children also work because there is demand for cheap labour.
• Large numbers of children work because they do not have access to good quality schools.
• Poor and bonded families often “sell” their children to contractors who promise profitable jobs in the cities and the children end up being employed in brothels, hotels and domestic work.
• There are approximately 2 million child commercial sex workers between the age of 5 and 15 years and about 3.3 million between 15 and 18 years.
• 500,000 children are forced into this trade every year.
III. What is Bonded Child Labour?
Bonded labour is more common in many rural areas of India. The poor parents need money for various purposes like agricultural works and other family needs and children work in order to pay off a debt. The creditors-cum-employers offer these “loans” to poor parents in an effort to secure the labor of a child, which is always cheaper than bondage. The parents, for their part, accept the loans. The arrangements between parents and contracting agents are usually informal and unwritten. The time period required to pay off such a loan will not be determined. This is a kind of slavery and mostly appears in underdeveloped and lower caste people. The children who were bonded to work cannot escape bondage because of the fear of losing their livelihood on one hand and unequal power relationships between the child workers and the creditors cum employers on the other.
IV. What are the causes of Child Labour?

• Lack of elementary education at the primary level

• Parental ignorance
• Ineffective implementation of child labor laws
• Non availability of schools in rural areas
• Unpractical school curriculum
• Lack of proper guidance
• Poverty
• Excessive population
• Illiterate and ignorant parents
• Adult unemployment
• Urbanization
• Availability of child labour at cheap rates
• Adult exploitation of children
• Industrial revolution
• Multinationals preference to employ child workers
V. How to eliminate child labour in India?
Child labour is a serious evil for the developing countries like India. The majority of child labourers in India work in industries such as cracker manufacturing, diamond polishing, carpet weaving, brassware industry, glass and bangle making, and mica cutting. The employers hire child labor by paying less pay in sub-human conditions with long working hours. Government of India has taken major initiatives to eradicate the child labour by passing special legislations and punishing the offenders. Not only government authorities, but also other social rehabilitated centers are playing an important role in rescuing the child labour at the central and state level. Providing education to all the children is a long-term answer to this social menace.
Government of India initiatives in eradicating Child Labour in India:
1. Integrated Child Development Service (ICDS): As a continuation to the adoption of the National Policy for Children (1974), the Government of India developed the Integrated Child Development Services Scheme, popularly known as ICDS.
The objectives of the ICDS are as follows:
• Building the foundation for physical, psychological and emotional development of the child.
• Improve nutritional and health status of children below six years of age.
• Reduce the rate of mortality, morbidity, malnutrition and school dropouts.
2. Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act 1986: Article 24 of the Indian constitution expresses that, “No child below the age of fourteen years shall be employed to work in any factory or mine or employed in any hazardous employment.” The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act of 1986 describes a child labour as a person who has not completed his/her 14th year of age and doing labour works. Child labour act aims to normalize the working hours and the conditions of child labour and to eliminate them from the hazardous working conditions.
3. Right to Education Bill: The government of India proposed the Right to Education bill in 2009 and implemented it at the grassroots level in India to eradicate the child labor.
4. Rehabilitation of Children Working in Hazardous Occupations: On August 15, 1994, the government of India launched another program to eliminate child labor from hazardous working conditions. Special schools have been set up for their rehabilitation in which they are provided with education, vocational training, monthly stipends, nutrition and health-checks.
5. Establishment of National Authority for the Elimination of Child Labour (NAECL): The National Authority for the Elimination of Child Labour (NAECL) was established on September 26, 1994 to eliminate child labor from India. The major initiatives of the programme are as follows:
• Child labour policy programs and formulations.
• Designing the programs, projects and schemes for eliminating the child labour from gross root level.
• Coordinating various child labour related projects among different government departments and ministries.
6. National Child Labour Project (NCLP): In 1988, the government of India launched the National Child Labour Project (NCLP) as a pilot project in nine districts with a motto to eradicate child labour. The children enrolled in this program were provided with formal and informal education, vocational training, and also a monthly stipend along with supplementary nutrition and health care. Initially it was started in nine districts and spread to 100 in the ninth 5-year plan and 250 in the tenth 5-year plan.
7. International Program on the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC): IPEC is a global programme launched by the International Labour Organisation in December 1991. India was the first country to join it in 1992 by signing a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with ILO.
8. INDUS Project: The Government of India and the US Department of Labor initiated a
US$ 40 million project to eliminate child labor in 10 hazardous sectors across 21 districts of five States namely, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and NCT of Delhi.


Educating Girls in India: Why it’s so difficult and what one NGO is doing about it


Quality, universal education is a fundamental right as well as a necessary component for achieving social and economic development in other spheres. U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki Moon noted that the persistence of high rates of global illiteracy “hobbles our efforts to achieve the Millennium Development Goals”.
On a global scale, increasing access to and quality of education and undoing illiteracy is essential to spurring development in other areas, from health to commerce. With the largest illiterate population in the world and more than the next eight countries combined  – including China, Bangladesh, and Pakistan – India is at the crux of this issue. The problem is particularly acute for women and girls with over 200 million illiterate women in India alone.
According to the World Bank, in 2010 India had the third highest number of out of school girls in the world with more than 3.7 million.
Getting these girls into school is crucial to India’s social and economic development and represents an opportunity with huge potential to yield positive impact in the world.
According to UNESCO, educating a girl dramatically reduces the chance that her child will die before age five. Furthermore, educated girls are likely to marry later and have fewer children, who in turn will be more likely to survive and be better nourished and educated. Educated girls are more productive at home and better paid in the workplace, and more able to participate in social, economic and political decision-making.
The World Bank has identified what it calls the “Girl Dividend”. It calculates that for each additional year of secondary school, a girl will increase her future income by 25 percent. On the other hand, lack of education, income disparities, and early pregnancy all translate into economic loss for countries such as India where adolescent pregnancy costs the country an estimated $383 billion in lifetime income. Eliminating theemployment gap entirely has the potential to add $400 billion to India’s GDP.
The Indian government understands the challenge of universalizing education and raising the level of quality for all Indian children but the fact remains that there are substantial barriers to achieving higher levels of enrollment and improving learning outcomes, particularly for girls in rural areas. Educate Girls believes the problem is one of ownership. Communities do not feel that they own their schools and governments have no one pressuring them to make the needed improvements. While solving this will ultimately help solve the problems of education in India, cultural attitudes and the challenges of rural poverty represent the first barriers to getting more girls into school.
In Rajasthan, where Educate Girls works, girl’s education takes a backseat to family responsibilities and cultural norms. Lack of experience with the education system on the part of parents prevents many girls from finishing their studies. Only one in 100 girls in will reach grade 12. Many are married below the legal age and are forced to move to their husband’s homes once they reach puberty. Even for parents who would prefer to send their daughters to school, poverty and geography often get in the way.
In many cases, parents work as laborers or farmers and while girls may attend school for part of the year, their parents may take them out to watch siblings or help at harvest time. The problems of poverty are compounded by the fact that many parents have themselves not received an education and do not see the value of sending their daughters to school. In many cases, poor learning outcomes offer little incentive for doing so. Why send your daughter to school when she won’t learn anything anyway, or what she will learn will not help her in her future, or worse, make her less marriageable.
Cultural attitudes, traditions, and norms present a serious challenge that requires constant conversations and most powerfully, the example of community members who have received an education and are living its benefits. But problems of rural isolation, migratory lifestyles, and lack of infrastructure present additional challenges. In many cases, girls attend school until they reach puberty, but are then removed because of arranged marriage and fear for the girl’s safety. Many schools may not have separate toilets or clean drinking water, leading to concerns from parents about their daughter’s ability to maintain her dignity as well as her health.
Girls face kidnapping, sexual assault, wild animals, and a myriad of other challenges just to go to school yet they still want to go. With Educate Girl’s mentorship, they actively participate in coming up with solutions to these challenges and persuade their parents, and even parents of other girls, of the value of their education. Educate Girls is helping to give them a voice in their future and helping their families and communities to understand the value of education. But the real work is being done by the communities themselves where girls are becoming champions for their own futures and communities are learning to demand quality schools for all their children.
Educate Girls’ solution to the problem of girls education in this remote region rests on the backs of these communities. By mobilizing families and villages to take ownership of their schools and their children’s education, they are harnessing a powerful force for change and providing girls in Rajasthan with a chance to achieve their dreams.

To find out more about Educate Girls, visit http://educategirls.in/